一、词类(十类)名词、冠词、代词、形容词、动词、副词、介词、数词、连词、感叹词词尾名词词尾-er(reader)-or(sailor)-ist(economist)-ant(applicant)-ee(employee)-ian(liberian)-tion(action)-ment(achievement)-dom(boredom)-ness(shyness)-ism(socialism)-sh
一、词类(十类)
名词、冠词、代词、形容词、动词、副词、介词、数词、连词、感叹词
词尾
名词词尾
-er(reader)
-or(sailor)
-ist(economist)
-ant(applicant)
-ee(employee)
-ian(liberian)
-tion(action)
-ment(achievement)
-dom(boredom)
-ness(shyness)
-ism(socialism)
-ship(friendship)
-ure(failure)
-ty(safety)
-ence(difference)
形容词词尾
-ful(powerful)
-less(airless)
-ish(childish)
-ive(active)
-ous(anxious)
-able(agreeable)
-ible(sensible)
-y(sunny)
-ant(ignorant)
-al(cultural)
-ent(different)
-ese(Chinese)
动词词尾
-ize(modernize)
-en(strengthen)
-ify(purify)
副词词尾
-ly(slowly)
-ward(forward)
数词
-teen(fourteen)
-ty(fifty)
-th(fifth)
语法好比骨架,词汇好比血肉,二者不可分
二、句子
句子由单词组成,必须遵循一定的规则,这就是语法
分类
陈述句:I wish you success.
问句:Where should I sit?
祈使句:Be sure to get there before nine.
感叹句:What a nice day!
语序 | 主语 | 动词 | 宾语 | 状语 | ||
方式 | 地点 | 时间 | ||||
I | bought | a recorder | yesterday | |||
Two girls | are dancing | over there | ||||
They | ate | their meal | in silence | |||
We | Will be back | tonight | ||||
A group of children | are playing | happily | in the park |
有时顺序会改变,如谓语有时全部或部分地提到主语前面。称为倒装句序。问句很多用倒装句序。
疑问句 | 助动词或情态动词 | 主语 | 主要动词 | 宾语 | 状语 |
Do | you | know | spanish? | ||
Does | she | speak | the language | well? | |
Will | you | be in | tonight? | ||
May | I | see | the manager? | ||
Where | were | you | born? | ||
How long | have | you | been in China? | ||
How | are | you | going to do? | that? | |
What time | shall | we | arrive | in Tokyo? |
简单句、并列句和复合句
简单句
①主语+动词
The door bell rang.
②主语+系动词+表语
She is a lovely girl.
Jane looks like her mother.
③主语+动词假宾语
They are playing baskerball.
She wants two.
④主语+动词+宾语+补语
I smelt something burning.
He told me to be more patient.
并列句:由两个或更多简单句并列在一起称为并列句。
并列连词:and but for or so yet nor not only...but either...or neithor...nor
eg.I've gpt a cold, so i'm going to bed.
Either you improve your work or I shall dismiss you.(要么你改进你的工作,否则我将辞退你)
复合句:从句